Análisis y desarrollo de soluciones eficientes para optimizar la operación del sistema de abastecimiento de agua potable en Naranjito, provincia del Guayas.

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze and develop efficient solutions to optimize the operation of the potable water supply system in Naranjito, Guayas Province. The current situation was assessed through field visits, sampling of treated household water, physicochemical and microbiological analyses, community surveys, and hydraulic modeling of the distribution network. Results indicated that although parameters such as pH, conductivity, dissolved solids, alkalinity, and hardness complied with standards, the presence of fecal coliforms demonstrated that the water was not suitable for human consumption. Deficiencies in chlorination and critical low-pressure issues in households were identified, mainly related to distribution network design and maintenance. Hydraulic modeling showed velocities below 0.5 m/s in several sections, compromising efficiency. It was concluded that the system operated inefficiently, with the main issues originating in the distribution network rather than in water availability. Proposed solutions included improving chlorine dosing, implementing surface and elevated storage tanks, redesigning pipelines that did not meet regulatory criteria, and developing a Master Plan to ensure long-term sustainability of the service.