Aplicación de nutrición enteral temprana en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos, Hospital de Niños Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde. Guayaquil, noviembre 2016 - enero 2017.

Abstract

Background: Nutritional status of critical children deteriorates due to the disease, and delays in receiving food, to avoid it nutritional support should be part of the therapeutic strategy from the beginning. The objective was to determine the frequency of children who received enteral nutrition early (NET) in the PICU of the Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital, their pathologies, suspension causes and data related with their use. Materials and methods: Observational, descriptive, prospective study of prevalence in 244 children the 1 month to 18 years old. Results: Male participants 126 (51.6%) and younger infants 105 (43.0%) predominated, 148 (65%) were eutrophic, and 35% had some type of malnutrition. Received NET 74 (30.3%), 62 (25.4%) late enteral nutrition (NETAR), 46 (18.9%) remained without eating and started oral feeding 62 (25.4%), NE was suspended in 98 (72.1%) patients, the main cause was ventilatory weaning 53 (54.1%). In NET, respiratory diseases prevailed 43 (53.1%). The patients who received NET had shorter hospital stay, and the form of administration was mainly continuous. The recommended volume was not reached in most participants. Conclusions: NET is used more frequently than NETAR. Respiratory pathology is the main diagnosis in NET. NE is commonly suspended in critical children, ventilatory weaning was the first cause. The patients who received NET had shorter hospital stays. The nutritional goal is only achieved in a small proportion of patients in the PICUs.