Factores de riesgo psicosocial asociados a los turnos excesivos en médicos hospitalarios.

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to provide a literature review with a narrative synthesis regarding psychosocial risk factors associated with excessive work shifts in hospital settings. The search was conducted using PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, and Redalyc, as well as technical and legal documents from international organizations. The study is a descriptive systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines. Out of a total of 362 identified records, 40 articles addressing excessive shifts in hospital settings were analyzed after applying inclusion criteria. Recurring patterns of burnout, sleep deprivation, depersonalization, and an imbalance between effort and reward were observed in the studies reviewed from Europe and the Americas. The study concludes that recommended measures include continuing to implement preventive policies in accordance with the current Ecuadorian legal framework, addressing the consequences of psychosocial risks, and encouraging studies that incorporate a gender perspective.