Prevalencia de complicaciones crónicas en pacientes con diabetes mellitus y cetoacidosis diabética ingresados en UCI del Hospital IESS Los Ceibos.

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease of great importance in public health due to its frequency and the acute and chronic complications that may arise during its progression. Among the most severe acute complications is diabetic ketoacidosis, a condition that may require admission to the Intensive Care Unit. Objective: To determine the prevalence of chronic complications in patients with diabetes mellitus and diabetic ketoacidosis admitted to the ICU at Hospital IESS Los Ceibos. Methodology: Descriptive, quantitative, non-experimental, retrospective, and cross-sectional study. Population: 140 medical records of patients treated between May and December 2025. Technique: Indirect observation. Instrument: Observation checklist. Results: The prevalence of chronic complications was 35%, corresponding to 49 patients in the studied population. Sixty-five percent did not present registered chronic complications. The predominant age group was 30 to 44 years, and the female sex predominated. Microvascular complications were more frequent than macrovascular complications, with diabetic neuropathy being the most common. Among macrovascular complications, cardiovascular disease predominated. Conclusion: The prevalence of chronic complications in patients with diabetes mellitus and diabetic ketoacidosis admitted to the ICU was 35%.