Factores de riesgo modificables y no modificables asociados a eclampsia en gestantes hasta el parto en el Hospital General Monte Sinaí periodo 2021 - 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Eclampsia is one of the most serious complications of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy; therefore, identifying its risk factors is essential to strengthen prevention and treatment. Aim: To determine the modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors associated with eclampsia in pregnant women up to delivery at Hospital General Monte Sinaí during the 2021–2024 period. Method: This was a quantitative, observational, descriptive, non-experimental, retrospective, and cross-sectional study. Results: Pregnant women aged 35 years or older predominated (45.1%), with primary educational level (63.6%) and single marital status (55.4%). Among the modifiable risk factors, overweight or obesity (67.9%) and insufficient prenatal care visits (63%) stood out, followed by rural residence (47.8%), anemia (27.7%), and alcohol or tobacco use (23.4%). Among the non-modifiable risk factors, primiparity (53.3%) and maternal age equal to or greater than 35 years (45.1%) predominated, followed by a personal history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (29.3%) and African descent (26.1%). Conclusions: Among pregnant women with eclampsia treated at Hospital General Monte Sinaí, both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors predominated, with overweight or obesity, insufficient prenatal care visits, primiparity, and advanced maternal age standing out.