Análisis In Vitro del grado de microfiltración en diferentes tipos de resina y técnica adhesiva.

Abstract

Introduction: At present, composite resins are the preferred option for many dentists due to their favorable characteristics; however, despite the continuous improvement in their composition, they present certain limitations such as marginal microleakage, which can affect the success of any restoration. Objective: To evaluate the degree of microleakage in teeth In Vitro with Class I restorations, comparing 3 resins of different composition: Filtek Z250-Solventum, Forma-Ultradent and Neofil-Kerr using total etch and selective etch adhesive techniques together with fifth- and seventh-generation adhesive systems. Materials and Methods: Quantitative, cross-sectional, experimental In Vitro study in 60 human premolars, distributed into six groups (n=10). Class I cavities were prepared and restored according to the assigned group. The samples were subjected to 500 thermocycling cycles (5 °C–54 °C) and subsequently immersed in 2% methylene blue for 24 hours. After longitudinal sectioning, the degree of microleakage was evaluated under an optical microscope (4×) using an ordinal scale from 0 to 3. Data were analyzed using ordinal logistic regression (p<0.05). Results: The type of resin was the only factor with a statistically significant effect on microleakage (p<0.001). Forma-Ultradent presented the best marginal sealing (100% in grades 0 and 1), Filtek Z250 showed an intermediate performance, and Neofil-Kerr showed the highest levels of microleakage. The adhesive system did not show statistical significance (p=0.100). Conclusion: The type of composite resin significantly influenced the degree of microleakage, regardless of the adhesive system used, with the nanohybrid resin Forma-Ultradent showing the best performance.