Análisis biomecánico del control del Core y su asociación con el riesgo de lesión de extremidades inferiores en jugadores amateurs de voleibol.

Abstract

Introduction: Biomechanical control of the core plays a fundamental role in lumbopelvic stability and neuromuscular control of the lower extremities during sports practice. Volleyball is characterized by repetitive jumping, landing, and lateral movements; therefore, deficits in proximal stability may promote generalized biomechanical alterations. Objective: To analyze the relationship between biomechanical core control and the risk of lower extremity injury in amateur volleyball players. Methodology: Quantitative, observational, correlational, retrospective, and longitudinal study, corresponding to a secondary analysis of a previously collected database of 40 participants, assessed using the McGill battery and the Y Balance Test. Odds Ratio and Fisher’s exact test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Core dysfunction was identified in 55% of the participants. Likewise, 77.5% of the sample was classified as having a functional risk of injury according to the Y Balance Test. In the group with core dysfunction, 95.5% presented a risk of injury, whereas 55.6% was observed in the group with functional core control. Inferential analysis showed a statistically significant association (p = 0.0055) between core dysfunction and functional risk of injury. Conclusion: Deficits in core control were found to be associated with a higher functional risk of lower extremity injury in amateur volleyball players, highlighting the importance of including core and dynamic stability assessments in sports evaluation and injury prevention processes.