Relación entre el riesgo ergonómico evaluado con el método REBA y la presencia de dolor musculoesquelético en bailarines de danza árabe.

Abstract

Introduction: Dance involves a set of movements that engage different body systems. Arabic dance constitutes an artistic discipline that integrates complex movement patterns and may present ergonomic risks and more complex musculoskeletal injuries. Objective: To establish the ergonomic risk and the presence of musculoskeletal pain in Arabic dance performers, in order to propose a preventive protocol aimed at reducing musculoskeletal injuries. Methodology: The research follows a quantitative approach, with a descriptive- correlational scope and an observational, cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 52 dancers selected through non-probability convenience sampling. The R.E.B.A., Sit-and-Reach, and V.A.S. methods were used, and the results were presented in bar charts. Results: 50.98% of the population was between 18 and 30 years old. Additionally, 50% reported no prior diagnosis; however, 16% of the population reported low back pain. The V.A.S. determined that 13.51% presented severe low back pain; 5.51% reported moderate to severe neck pain; ankle and wrist pain both corresponded to 10.81%, classified as moderate and severe pain, respectively. Finally, general pain showed 5.41% at a moderate level. REBA determined that 44% of the dancers presented a high risk of injury, followed by 27% at medium risk. The Sit- and-Reach test demonstrated that 17 participants showed “Excellent” flexibility. Conclusion: The analysis allowed us to identify postural risks associated with repetitive movements and intense control of the lumbo-pelvic musculature. These results enabled the implementation of preventive strategies to optimize dancers’ performance.