Inclusión y perspectiva de género en el espacio público de Guayaquil. Caso de estudio: Malecón 2000.

Abstract

Through an inclusive, gender-sensitive lens, this study examines Malecón 2000 to reveal physical, social, and functional barriers that inform the experiences of vulnerable groups, including women, older adults, children, and individuals with reduced mobility. Challenging established urban planning norms, which are based on the concept of a “standard user,” the research proposes that public space is not neutral; its design shapes everything from inclusion and equity to perceived safety and who has access to it. The methodology comprises three phases, supported by theoretical and normative frameworks grounded in inclusive urbanism, feminist urbanism, and the right to the city. A typological study of the key factors is conducted, including accessibility, proximity to services, thermal comfort, urban furniture, lighting, safety, and diversity of uses. The results show that, although Malecón 2000 might be presented as an emblematic urban project, it paradoxically exhibits dynamics that could lead to indirect exclusion. These are clear in the limited ability to stay for long, the long walking distances to navigate the space, and the concentration of facilities in certain zones. Taken together, these elements point to the need to reconceptualize urban design practices as inclusive, so that public spaces serve the diverse needs of all users