Influencia de la exposición gingival en la percepción del atractivo de la sonrisa entre estudiantes.

Abstract

Introduction: A gummy smile is an aesthetic condition characterized by excessive gingival exposure when smiling. The proportion and balance between dental and gingival tissues are the main characteristics of a harmonious smile. The amount of gingiva displayed while smiling can affect the perceived attractiveness of the smile. Objective: To analyze the influence of gingival exposure on the perception of attractiveness among Dentistry and Architecture students at UCSG during the A-2025 semester. Materials and Methods: This was a quantitative, observational study. Sociodemographic data and perceptions of smile attractiveness were collected from a sample of 473 students from both programs, using a structured questionnaire with closed-ended questions administered via Google Forms. Results: Gingival exposure influenced the perception of smile attractiveness among Dentistry and Architecture students (p-value < 0.001). Aesthetic appearance and previous orthodontic treatment were also significant influencing factors. Age and sex do not affect perception; aligned teeth and minimal gingival exposure are more relevant. Conclusions: These results highlight the effect of academic training on the aesthetic perception of the smile, with Dentistry students maintaining a narrower acceptable threshold (0–0.5 mm) compared to Architecture students (< 1 mm).