Valoración ergonómica del ciclista de la Federación Deportiva de Guayas.

Abstract

The growth of the cycling population has become a trend that poses various challenges for contemporary society. In this context, ergonomics plays a key role, as an incorrect posture on the bicycle can negatively affect quality of life and increase the risk of musculoskeletal injuries in this study population. Objective: To determine the ergonomic risk factors that influence the musculoskeletal health of cyclists from the Sports Federation of Guayas. Materials and Methods: A quantitative approach was applied, with a descriptive scope and a non-experimental cross-sectional design, in a sample of 60 cyclists of both sexes. Results: Nineteen cyclists (32%) showed an ergonomically adequate sports gesture, while forty-one (68%) presented an inadequate performance. Most of them displayed alterations related to moderate flexibility and lower-limb length discrepancy. The joint angles recorded were compared with reference values, obtaining averages of 142.57° for the knee, 103.25° for the hip, and 163.22° for the elbow. Conclusion: Relevant ergonomic risk factors were identified, such as improper saddle adjustment, handlebar angle, and pedal height, which contribute to the development of musculoskeletal injuries in the lower limbs and spine. These findings are supported by joint angle analysis using the Kinovea software.