Evaluación de un biocida orgánico a base de ají serrano (Capsicum annuum l.) para el control de la mosca blanca (Bemisia tabaci) en el cultivo de pepino (Cucumis sativus).

Abstract

This study analyzes an organic biocide made from Serrano chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) as an option to control whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) crops. This insect is an important pest in agriculture due to the damage it causes and its ability to transmit diseases. An experiment was conducted with four treatments (three concentrations of the biocide and one control) in a randomized block design. Variables such as the number of infected leaves and the whitefly population before and after treatment were recorded. The results showed that concentrations of 20 % and 25 % were effective in controlling the pest, but caused severe damage to cucumber plants, such as necrosis and high mortality. The 10 % concentration decreased infestations without seriously affecting the crop, although it was not sufficient for complete control of the pest. These results highlight the need to improve formulations to balance biocide efficacy and safety. The use of organic biocides such as Serrano pepper is a sustainable option, but requires adjustments in concentrations and application methods to avoid collateral damage. It is recommended to investigate combinations with other natural compounds and more diluted application methods to optimize crop viability and effectiveness in pest control.