Causas de hospitalización por complicaciones agudas en adultos de 30 a 70 años con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en el Hospital Naval de Guayaquil de enero 2022 a noviembre 2023

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease caused by insufficient insulin production or failure in its functioning, resulting in an alteration in the metabolism of macronutrients. The current research work aims to determine the causes of emergency hospital admission in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to establish more frequent acute associations. Therefore, a descriptive, correlational, quantitative, observational, retrospective, longitudinal, case-control study was applied, with a sample of 344 patients who meet inclusion and exclusion criteria, using the observation technique through the registration form. The results indicated that the predominant profile of hospitalized patients is male and 61 to 70 years of age, the predominant causes leading to hospital admission were glycemic imbalance, severe hypoglycemia and diabetic decompensation. In turn, chronic patients were diagnosed with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, without mention of complications, and with unspecified complications. It is concluded that the non modifiable risk factor of family history of diabetes has a statistically significant contribution to hospitalization patterns, with a p value of 0.049, indicating a relevant association with the frequency of acute complications and the need for hospitalization.