Prevalencia de infecciones de vías urinarias por Escherichia Coli en gestantes con amenaza de parto pretérmino de 20 a 25 años del Hospital General Monte Sinaí del año 2021 al 2023.

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary tract infections in pregnant women, predominantly caused by Escherichia coli, are a significant obstetric problem due to physiological alterations during pregnancy. The global prevalence of these infections ranges between 13% and 33%, and in Ecuador, between 5% and 12% affect pregnant women. Pyelonephritis, a serious complication, is detected in approximately 2% of cases and can lead to obstetric complications. Hormonal alterations in pregnancy, such as bladder trigone hypertrophy and increased bladder capacity, increase susceptibility to urinary tract infections. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of Escherichia coli urinary tract infections in pregnant women with threatened preterm labor aged 20 to 25 years at Mount Sinai General Hospital from 2021 to 2023. Methodology: This study is descriptive, observational, cross-sectional and retrospective, focusing on pregnant women aged 20 to 25 years with a diagnosis of threatened preterm labor. Data were collected by reviewing medical records and statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 25, using descriptive statistics for quantitative variables and frequencies and percentages for qualitative variables. Results: We identified 344 pregnant women with threatened preterm labor attended, most of the patients were 22 to 23 years old and resided in urban areas. It was found that 77.6% of them had urinary tract infections (UTI), and among these, 70.8% had infections caused by Escherichia coli. There was a significant relationship between the presence of E. coli UTI and the threat of preterm delivery. Conclusion: A high proportion of pregnant women with threatened preterm labor had urinary tract infections, mainly caused by Escherichia coli, which was also associated with their presentation.