Asociación del strain longitudinal global con variables del ecocardiograma 2D, factores de riesgo cardiovascular y la función renal en adultos atendidos en el centro cardiológico Instituto Ecuatoriano del Corazón durante el 2023.

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Identifying and controlling cardiovascular risk factors are crucial for preventing these diseases and their fatal outcomes. There is a connection between the heart and the kidneys, where dysfunction in one affects the other, which is known as cardiorenal syndrome. Global longitudinal strain (GLS or strain) obtained through two-dimensional speckle-tracking allows for precise analysis of cardiac function, aiding in the diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis of patients with CVD. Methodology: An observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, and analytical study was conducted. Adult patients who visited the cardiology service at the Instituto Ecuatoriano del Corazon during 2023 and underwent transthoracic echocardiography were analyzed. Results: A total of 336 patients were included, with females comprising the majority at 56%, and the average age was 58.1 years (standard deviation 16.89). The most prevalent comorbidities were dyslipidemia and arterial hypertension at 78% and 66%, respectively. Relationships were identified among various examined variables, notably ischemic heart disease presence with altered GLS (average -16.97, p<0.001). Furthermore, age, ventricular mass, left ventricular ejection fraction, and glomerular filtration rate showed correlation coefficients of 0.3, 0.4, -0.3, and -0.3, respectively, with p<0.001. Conclusion: There is a relationship between GLS and 2D echocardiography variables, cardiovascular risk factors, and renal function.