Prevalencia de hipotiroidismo en mujeres embarazadas de 20 a 40 años en el área de ginecología/obstetricia en el Hospital IESS Ceibos durante el periodo 2022-2023.

Abstract

Introduction: The most common thyroid disorder associated with pregnancy is hypothyroidism, which affects 3% to 5% of all pregnant women (1). Objectives: This study aims to find the prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnant women. Locate the most common age group of patients, as well as gestational age. To find in patients with hypothyroidism during pregnancy the frequency of anemia, threatened abortion and gestational hypertension. Materials and Methods: The current study is of a descriptive, retrospective, observational nature that finds the prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnant women between 20 and 40 years old in the area of Gynecology/Obstetrics at the IESS Ceibos hospital during the period 2022-2023. 97 patients met the criteria for the study. Results: The prevalence of pregnant patients with hypothyroidism was <1%. The most frequent age group was 30-34 years of age. The most frequent gestational age was 24-28 weeks. The frequency of patients with gestational hypertension was 13.4%, threatened abortion, 16.5%, and gestational hypertension, 11.3%. Discussion: The results coincided with studies regarding the prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnant women in Latin America. The frequency of the age group, as well as the gestational age in the study, was early compared to other studies. The anemia, threatened abortion, and gestational hypertension present in the study are consistent with studies of the complications of hypothyroidism during pregnancy. Conclusions: In the study, the prevalence of <1% hypothyroidism during pregnancy was presented, as well as the patient's age group and gestational age at early onset. Anemia, threatened abortion and gestational hypertension analyzed as complications of the disease, were also part of the complications in the study. Keywords: hypothyroidism, age, gestational age, anemia, threatened abortion, gestational hypertension.