Riesgo cardiovascular y prevalencia de obesidad en niños y adolescentes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 en la fundación Fuvida durante el periodo de diciembre 2023 a marzo 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular risk refers to the probability of suffering or dying from a cardiovascular disease, which can occur in the short or long term and nowadays affects not only adults but also the pediatric population. In recent years, cardiovascular risk has increased due to various risk factors such as obesity. Currently, obesity is popularly known for being an epidemic pathology; on the other hand, the WHO defines it as the excessive accumulation of adipose cells in the human body. This inflammatory disease has increased in recent years mainly in the group of children and adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus, becoming another serious problem for the health system, since it adversely affects the physical, social, and cognitive development of infants. Objectives: To determine cardiovascular risk and the prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the Fuvida foundation during the period December 2023 - March 2024. Methodology: The present study is based on a descriptive and crosssectional research; for which, it worked with a population of children and adolescents suffering from diabetes mellitus type I, the same who have participated in the activities dictated by the Fuvida Foundation; for this purpose, a sample of 52 children and adolescents was considered, who were summoned during the period between December 2023 and March 2024 to carry out the research study. Results: In the population studied, 33% of the sample had a cardiovascular risk. In the children's age group, 43% had a cardiovascular risk and in the adolescent population, only 29% had a cardiovascular risk. Regarding the prevalence of obesity, 21% of the children and adolescents were diagnosed with obesity. Conclusions: This study of 52 children and adolescents diagnosed with type 1 DM found a cardiovascular risk of 33% in the entire sample analyzed, and 43% of the children had a cardiovascular risk. On the other hand, the prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents showed a similar result of 21% in each group.