Prevalencia de Hipoglicemia en neonatos en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN) del Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil (HGNG) IESS Los Ceibos, durante el periodo de enero del 2018 a diciembre del 2022.

Abstract

Introduction: Neonatal hypoglycemia is the amount of glucose with values less than 45 mg/dl, generating several sequelae at a neurological level if the correct clinical and therapeutic approach is not carried out. Objective: Determine the prevalence of hypoglycemia in neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of the General Hospital of the North of Guayaquil (HGNG) IESS Los Ceibos, during the period from January 2018 to December 2022. Methodology: Descriptive study, observational, retrospective, and cross-sectional, includes 94 cases. Results: The prevalence of neonatal hypoglycemia in neonates admitted to the NICU was 2.63%; among the 94 cases, 35.2% were children of diabetic mothers and 71.3% were late preterm; These 2 factors are considered significant risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia. The main associated signs were the absence of the sucking reflex, hypotonia and hyporreactivity with 14.9%, followed by 10% who presented tremors and 9.8% who presented only the absence of the sucking reflex, which is considered a factor that affects both diet and favors the presence of hypoglycemia because there is no correct diet. Transient type hypoglycemia was the most observed at 77.7% in these neonates compared to refractory hypoglycemia, which was 22.3%. Conclusions: The prevalence of neonatal hypoglycemia in the HGNG Los Ceibos admitted to the NICU during the study period was 2.63%, being the child of a diabetic mother, and being premature are significant risk factors.