Frecuencia de complicaciones oncológicas causadas por el tratamiento de quimioterapia en pacientes ingresados en un Hospital de Especialidad de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Oncological complications represent a significant challenge in the care of cancer patients. These conditions, which may be the result of cancer or the treatments used to combat it, affect the quality of life of patients. Objective: To determine the frequency of oncological complications caused by chemotherapy treatment in patients admitted to a Specialty Hospital in the city of Guayaquil. Methodology: descriptive, quantitative, retrospective, crosssectional. Population: 54 patients receive chemotherapy treatment at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialties Hospital. Technique: Indirect observation, Instrument: Indirect Observation Matrix. Results: Among the characteristics, there is a greater frequency at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialty Hospital of patients over 63 years of age (f= 20), women (f= 36), of mixed ethnicity (f= 54), from urban areas. (f=44), with secondary education level (f=40), single marital status (f=21). In terms of treatment, for Stage I cases, intravenous chemotherapy is a prominent option (f=19). Regarding complications, neutropenia occurs mostly during intravenous, oral and palliative chemotherapy (f=16), underlining the importance of surveillance and management of this complication. Conclusion: A frequency of 11 patients with oncological complications is established in the month of April 2023 at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital, standing out among them neutropenia, which highlights the importance of careful management of side effects, care and patient education, to address these complications and improve quality of life.