Valoración del riesgo de caídas en los adultos mayores en el Asilo Carlos Luis Plaza Dañín y Asilo Hogar San José.

Abstract

Introduction: Older adults are more likely to present changes in their functional capacities due to the aging process. Therefore, it makes them more vulnerable to falling, losing their independence in carrying out activities of daily living. Objective: To determine the risk of falls among the elderly residing in the Carlos Luis Plaza Dan nursing home and those in the San José home. Methodology: study with a quantitative approach, descriptive scope, non-experimental design, and cross-sectional cohort; the population sample is 60 older adults from the Carlos Luis Plaza Dan nursing home and the Hogar San José nursing home in the city of Guayaquil who meet the inclusion criteria, who are evaluated using the Tinetti, Downton Scale, and Falls Effectiveness Test, and try Get up and go. Results: The population group that had the greatest predominance was the female sex between 80 and 90 years old; the Get Up and Go Test denotes that 93% present a high deficit of functional mobility; the Tinetti test shows a high risk of falls in 85% of older adults; the Downton scales show that 70% require specific care; and Falls Efficacy shows that 25% are afraid of falling. Conclusion: The groups of older adults evaluated show a high risk of falls. This is due to the mobility deficit, balance disturbances, and gait disturbances as a consequence of the lack of physical activity and the lack of knowledge about the factors associated with the risk of falls.