Caracterización epidemiológica de gonartrosis secundaria en pacientes mayores de 40 años con artroplastia primaria de rodilla atendidos en el área de traumatología del hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo durante el periodo 2019-2021.

Abstract

Background: knee ostheoarthritis is a chronic, degenerative and inflammatory condition that affects the different compartments of the knee articulation. It represents one of the leading disablind disease in older patients above 40 years old that presents other risk factors as obesity, female sex and previous articular surgical history. The progression of this condition ends up in replacement of the knee articulation with a knee prosthesis through primary knee arthroplasty. Methods: this work has a descriptive, observational, transversal and retrospective focus in patients older than 40 years old with knee osthearhtitis and primary arthroplasty that attended to the Traumatology service at the Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo during 2019 to 2021. Results: in this study there were obtained 248 patients, prevalence of primary knee osteoarthritis was 39,11% and secondary was 60.89%. Mean age was 73 years old with predominance of 70 to 79 years. Female sex was prevalent in both types of knee ostheoarthritis with 63.7% (p=0,017). Mean body mass index was 31,3 that corresponds to obesity grade 1 and along the most common comorbilities were hypertension (60,5%), Type 2 diabetes (21,4%) and hypothyroidism (21,0%). The 90,3% of the patients didn’t have an previous history of fracture or damage of soft tissue. Secondary knee ostheoarthritis presentation was unilateral in 66.6%,