Factores de riesgo de trombosis venosa profunda en pacientes con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 mayores de 40 años que fueron atendidos en el Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos durante el año 2020 -2021.

Abstract

Introduction: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a pathology with high morbidity and mortality, especially in patients with other comorbidities, including type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. It is characterized especially by chronic debilitating pain in the lower limbs, edema, local hyperemia, ulcerations caused by residual venous obstruction. In Ecuador, the exact risk factors for developing DVT in patients with DM2 are unknown. Objective: To determine the risk factors for deep vein thrombosis in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus over 40 years of age who were admitted to the General Hospital of the North of Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos during the year 2020 -2021. Materials and Methods: This is an observational, non-experimental, crosssectional and retrospective study, which presents as a population base patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus who have developed deep vein thrombosis. The sample was taken from the population corresponding to the Hospital General of the North of Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos in the period 2020-2021. Clinical information was extracted from the AS400 system. The variables evaluated in the study are age, sex, IMC , DVT diagnosis, comorbidities and Wells criteria. Results: The evaluation of 148 cases of patients with DM2 who developed DVT was carried out. Among the risk factors that were considered: age in patients older than 60 years and comorbidities such as hypertension and venous insufficiency. The study evaluated risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). It was found that most patients between 40 and 60 years, overweight or obese, hypertension, venous insufficiency, and renal failure. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes increases the risk of deep vein thrombosis in patients with risk factors such as overweight, hypertension, venous insufficiency, and renal failure. Prolonged immobilization and the use of oral contraceptives are also relevant factors.