Prevalencia de tuberculosis pulmonar en pacientes que acuden a un centro de salud de la ciudad de Guayaquil, durante el periodo marzo 2017 – septiembre 2021.

Abstract

Pulmonary tuberculosis is a worldwide problem, which has a higher prevalence of cases in Latin American countries; its means of transmission is airbone, through droplets expelling tubercle bacilli into the environment. Objective: To determine the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients attending a health center in the city of Guayaquil. Methodology: Descriptive, crosssectional, qualitative, retrospective study, as an instrument was the indirect observation guide, directed to all patients diagnosed with sensible, multidrugresistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (X-DR) pulmonary tuberculosis during the period March 2017 to September 2021. Results: With a total of 120 patients, it was determined to have a mean age of 41.2 years, predominantly male 74% (n=89), most of the population belonged to the Tarqui parish 93% (n=111), the main predisposing factor was Diabetes Mellitus 73% (n=40). The most common tests used to diagnose this pathology were smear microscopy 69% (n=120). The most frequent type of tuberculosis was sensitive with 97.5% (n=117). Conclusion: Pulmonary tuberculosis is more frequently acquired in patients with Diabetes Mellitus, thus being the major predisposing factor in the research, the first test to detect this pathology is the bacilloscopy but implementing the use of other diagnostic means would help to have a truthful analysis.