Autocuidado en mujeres con diabetes gestacional que acuden a la consulta externa del Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil, 2021 – 2022.

Abstract

Gestational Diabetes occurs in the second or third trimester of pregnancy, without a history of diabetes mellitus, therefore self-care is essential for the prevention of complications. Objective: To determine self-care in pregnant women with gestational diabetes who attend the outpatient clinic of the University Hospital of Guayaquil, 2021 - 2022. Methodology: descriptive, quantitative, prospective, cross-sectional. Population and sample: 85 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Technique: Direct observation. Instrument: Survey. Results: Among the sociodemographic characteristics, they are 18 to 23 years old (32%), mestizo (82%), from urban areas (82%), marital status, de facto union (42%), secondary education level (59%) and housewives (54%). Among the personal history, he presented diabetes mellitus (42%), family history of arterial hypertension (42%), with grade II overweight (34%), with unawareness of signs (74%) and alarm symptoms (75%). In food self-care, they follow a general diet (42%) and a high protein diet (36%), in physical activity they walk once a week (45%), they do not do aerobics (49%) or swim (55%); sometimes go to the doctor's appointment (55%), follow prescribed antidiabetic treatment (49%). Conclusion: It is evident that regarding the self-care of pregnant women, gestational diabetes is presented by different modifiable factors, such as diet, sports activities, compliance with treatment, being necessary to guide pregnant women about the benefits of carrying a better nutrition and physical activity, to achieve a risk-free pregnancy.