Prevalencia y factores asociados a hipertensión arterial en mujeres en transición menopaúsica entre 40 a 65 años en el Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos durante el periodo 2019-2020.

Abstract

Introduction: Arterial hypertension is defined as a disorder in which the force exerted by circulating blood flow on the walls of the arteries rises above normal values, i.e., greater than or equal to 130 mmHg systolic pressure and greater than or equal to 80 mmHg diastolic pressure, with similar values obtained in two measurements taken on two different days. Arterial hypertension is considered the main modifiable risk factor for preventing the development of cardiovascular disease. Meanwhile, the menopausal transition is the stage in a woman's life that marks the end of the reproductive phase, and these women are considered a high-risk group for developing arterial hypertension due to the loss of estrogen, which is a cardiovascular protection factor, and this, together with external factors, contributes to the onset of the disease. Objective: To determine the prevalence of arterial hypertension in women in menopausal transition between 40 and 65 years in the period 2019-2020. Methodology: A cross-sectional, observational, retrospective study of prevalence and associated factors was carried out from 2019-2020 of all female patients with a diagnosis of hypertension undergoing menopausal transition and attended at HGNG IESS CEIBOS. Results: A sample of 219 patients was obtained, of which the main pathological antecedent for developing arterial hypertension during the menopausal transition was overweight and obesity, alteration of the lipid profile Conclusion: to have rigorous medical follow-up with nutritional assessment and moderate intensity physical activity in women from 40 years of age with the aim of preventing the development of hypertension, since these factors are associated with the prevalence of hypertension in the study range.