Riesgo de pie diabético en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 de 40 años y más en cuatro consultorios del Centro de Salud Pascuales. Año 2021.

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a relevant chronic metabolic disease, not only because it is among the first causes of morbidity and mortality, but also because it causes multiple macrovascular and microvascular complications; Among them, the most feared is the diabetic foot, which can be controlled with risk foot management, in order to avoid ulcers and amputations. Methods: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out with 90 patients from the Pascuales health center. To assess the risk of diabetic foot, the risk classification of diabetic foot proposed by the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot was applied. Results: It was found that 52.2% of the patients had very low risk (grade 0), 24.4% were at low risk (grade I), 18.9% were at moderate risk (grade II) and 4, 4% at high risk (Grade III). Among the predisposing factors present are smoking (14.4%), arterial hyperten sion (53.3%), diagnosis time less than 10 years (72.2%), inappropriate footwear (70%), overweight (50%), poor metabolic control (63.3), peripheral neuropathy (37.8%), peripheral arterial disease (28.9%), foot deformity (46.7%) and a history of ulcer and amputation (4.4 %). Conclusions: It is concluded that 47.7% of the patients were at risk of developing diabetic foot. Among the risk factors that predominated were arterial hypertension, inadequate footwear, overweight and poor metabolic control.