Fortalecimiento de musculatura de cadera y rodilla en pacientes con síndrome de dolor patelofemoral : revisión sistemática y metanálisis según directrices PRISMA.

Abstract

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common musculoskeletal condition that manifests with retro- and peripatellar pain. Hip and knee muscle strengthening (HKS) has been proposed as an appropriate treatment for PFPS. A review comparing the results of HKS with other interventions using current scientific evidence is needed. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of HKS in patients with PFPS. Materials and methods: The systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis (MA) followed PRISMA guidelines. Screening and selection of studies was performed using the Rayyan program. Nine articles were included and evaluated with the PEDro scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. The MA was performed in the Jamovi application. The variables used were pain, functionality and muscle strength. Results: The MA showed that the HKS was superior in decreasing pain (2.30 [1.18, 3.42] 95%CI) (1.76 [0.70, 2.81] 95%CI) and increasing functionality (14.30 [7.49, 21.11] 95%CI) (8.66 [3.08, 14. 23] 95%CI) compared to the no intervention (NI) and knee strengthening (KS) groups, respectively; while the addition of interventions to hip and knee strengthening (HKS+) demonstrated greater benefits in functionality (-5.71[-8.32, -3.10] 95%CI) when compared to HKS. Likewise, qualitative analysis of the muscle strength variable established that the HKS obtained better results than the KS group. Conclusions: HKS is an effective intervention in reducing pain, increasing functionality and muscle strength in patients with PFPS.