Aplicación de principios clínicos de la microcirugía para minimizar el daño tisular en periodoncia. Revisión sistemática.

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontal microsurgery improves surgical results, reducing tissue damage, the inflammatory process, obtaining faster healing. Objective: Provide knowledge about periodontal microsurgery and to evaluate whether if it is an effective alternative in surgical procedures in the area of periodontics. Materials and methods: A qualitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out. This systematic review was carried out by reviewing 31 articles from the bibliographic search engines PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar without restriction of publication date. Results: It was found that 55% of the selected articles refer to a decrease in trauma, which concludes that it is a favorable non-invasive procedure for patients. It was obtained that the importance of the microsurgical elements corresponds to 55% and the triad to 45% of the investigation. An 8.3% vascularization difference was analyzed in a microsurgical approach compared to a macrosurgical approach. Regarding training, it is mentioned that the most used technique in microsurgery apprentices is training in latex gloves and vein and artery anastomosis of living animals. Conclusion: Periodontal microsurgery is an alternative to periodontal surgery that provides promising results such as reduced trauma and shorter post-surgical recovery time. However, more studies are required to report on the benefits of microsurgery in periodontics.