Análisis comparativo económico de los “auges” o “booms” petroleros del Ecuador en los periodos 1972-1978 y 2008-2013.

Abstract

The oil sector is one of the strategic sectors of the Ecuadorian state that has a direct economic contribution towards financing the general state budget; this is demonstrated by the policies of the governments of the day that seek to promote their extraction and export. Therefore, in this research work, the effects of the oil boom during the periods 1972 - 1978 and 2008 - 2013 were analyzed, this through the evaluation of 13 macroeconomic indicators compared between both periods. First, the main economic characteristics in which Ecuador developed in the first and second oil boom were identified, through a documentary compilation and bibliographic research. Later, these data were contrasted, in such a way that it was possible to highlight the economic events that have largely transpired in the history of the country. The purpose of this research is to show the main differences and similarities between the two periods of the oil boom in the country, allowing the reader and the interested authorities to recognize and forecast similar events in the future; this through timely and synthesized information, which allows them to enhance positive results and reduce or appease the adverse effects resulting from oil booms. Finally, through this research it was possible to show that in general terms there were no differentiating economic changes during the oil booms, since in both periods the economic benefits were not sustainable over time and were dissipated by similar economic policies.