Prevalencia, complicaciones y tratamiento del síndrome de abstinencia neonatal en recién nacidos de madres adolescentes consumidoras de drogas, ingresadas en el Hospital General Guasmo Sur en el periodo 2018 – 2019.

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to identify the prevalence, complications, and treatment of neonatal abstinence syndrome in newborns of drug-using adolescent mothers at the Guasmo Sur General Hospital between the period from January 2018 to December 2019. For this, a methodology was established with Non-experimental design with a descriptive cross-sectional approach, consisting of 67 newborns whose adolescent mothers were drug users, admitted to the General Hospital Guasmo Sur in the period 2018 - 2019 using the database of the hospital center and medical records as a source of information from the patients. Among the results obtained, it was possible to verify that the newborns had a period between 1-3 days of birth in 43% with a prevalence of the male gender in 61%, whose diagnosis was revealed within the first 3 days in 69%. The type of drug most consumed by mothers was 40% cocaine, 34% heroin and 18% marijuana. The main symptoms were irritability in 61%, tremors and drowsiness in 49%, vomiting in 46% and fever in 36%. The Finnegan scale at the beginning revealed a mild grade in most of the neonates 79%, delicate 12% and severe 9%. In conclusion, corrective measures should be applied, whether they are strategies with educational and therapeutic approaches, to reduce the incidence of NAS in newborns.