Prevalencia de arritmias cardiacas en pacientes hipertensos de 50 a 70 años en la consulta externa de un hospital de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

The cardiac arrhythmias are produced by the alteration of the cardiac rhythm, its presentation can have diverse causes, as well as its severity and clinical consequences. Objective: to determine the prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias in hypertensive patients aged 50 to 70 years in the outpatient clinic of a hospital in the city of Guayaquil. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative, retrospective study was carried out, which used the indirect observation record as an instrument, aimed at a population of 179 patients with a diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmia admitted during the period during the period from January 2020 to January 2021. Results: According to the demographic characteristics, it was determined that the patients have an average age of 63.15 years, being the female sex 47% the most frequent, which come from the Costa region 73%. Among the environmental risk factors obesity occurred in 19% and within the clinical factors uncontrolled hypertension occurred in 35% and Diabetes mellitus in 31%. Regarding the symptoms and signs of arrhythmias, chest pain was 54% and tachycardia 64%, respectively. The most frequent type of arrhythmia was supraventricular tachycardia 40% followed by sinus tachycardia 28% and ventricular tachycardia 12%. Conclusion: The prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias in patients aged 50 to 70 years presented was considered low.