Análisis de los costos de producción del sector bananero y su incidencia en la competitividad de sus exportaciones a la unión europea.

Abstract

Since 1950s, Ecuador has been one of the main banana producers in the world. Because its geographical location on the equinoctial line, the country has an ideal climate for growing this fruit. At the beginning of 2020, Ecuador signed a trade agreement with the European Union where tariff taxes were reduced with the aim of fighting under the same conditions as competing countries, for that the Ecuadorian banana recovers and there is a greater number of sales to the European market. The objective is to analyze the production costs of the banana sector and its impact on the competitiveness of its exports to the European Union. Our methodological approach will seek to verify and explain with objectivity and impartiality the research goals proposed in the study, using significant variables, such as: banana production costs, sale prices and the factors that influence production costs, which will be measured for data analysis. The present study has a correlational quantitative methodological approach. The literature review is essential for the approach, hypothesis, design and other stages of the research process. In the first model that includes all the variables that influence production, the constant of the predictive model is set as significance, the very low R-squared of 0.1494, so there is no good correlation of the variables. In the second model, already stabilized, which includes the significant variables such as cost of harvested land per hectare, workforce cost, and climate in centigrade that influence in the production, we see how. R squared rises to 0.44, which shows that there is a good correlation of the variables with production. The forecast of this model shows a great trend in which there is a relationship in the total production of boxes by modifying the significant variables and it is established as a forecast in the production variability. The decrease in the costs of banana production will considerably improve the competitiveness of Ecuador against other banana producers’ countries and its exports to the European Union.