Ganancia de peso materno y macrosomía neonatal en gestantes atendidas en el hospital del IESS Teodoro Maldonado Carbo.

Abstract

The term macrosomia is used loosely to define a large fetus. Macrosomia is often referred to when it is calculated that the baby's weight at birth will be greater than the 90th percentile or greater than 4 kilos of weight. The objective of this research is to determine the relationship between maternal weight gain and neonatal macrosomia in pregnant women treated at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital. The present research work has a quantitative approach and with a correlational and descriptive scope using frequency tables, and correlational with cross tables and Pearson's index with chi-square. When analyzing the results obtained from a total of 70 patients, 30% had fetal macrosomia as a diagnosis, 22% received hypoglycemic dietary treatment due to previous diet or altered body mass index. Almost 80% of the patients had some type of obesity prior to pregnancy and 90% had some type of obesity in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Chi-square values are unrelated to reference values and P values are> 0.05. Concluding that the presence of a high BMI (> 25 points) does not predispose the appearance of fetal macrosomia and its complications, and neither does the presence of a hypercaloric diet prior to pregnancy predispose the presence of fetal macrosomia and its complications.