Perfil clínico - epidemiológico del trauma ocular en pacientes pediátricos de 1 – 17 años de edad internados en el Hospital de Niños Dr. Roberto Gilbert E. durante el periodo enero 2014 a enero 2019.

Abstract

Ocular trauma in children and adolescents is one of the main ophthalmological injuries treated in emergency departments worldwide. However, in Ecuador there are few reports that show statistically the cases in the country, so the objective of this study is to analyze the epidemiological- clinical profile of eye trauma in pediatric patients aged 1 to 17 years, to generate updated reports in the Children’s Hospital Dr. Roberto Gilbert E. through an observational, descriptive and retrospective study. Of the 192 patients, the male sex was predominant (70.3%) with a male-female ratio of 2.36:1. The 43.2% of the children belonged to the school group from 6 to 11 years. The most frequent causative agents were contuse objects. Based on the BETT classification, closed globe trauma predominated (56.3%) within this the simple contusions (35.4%). In open globe injury, penetrating injuries were the most common. The variables, sex and age, were not related to the type of trauma, while the causative objects were related. The main clinical findings were corneal perforation and uveal prolapse. Eye injury was observed in 52.5% of cases in the left ocular globe (52.5%) mainly. 76% of the patients received surgical treatment. According what was exposed, in this study closed globe traumas predominate in sex male from 6 to 11 years old, with affectation in the left eye, mainly by contuse objects. Presenting corneal perforation as the main clinical finding. Requiring surgical intervention in most patients.