Diseño de una estrategia educativa para prevenir el embarazo en las adolescentes, Consultorio R. Centro de Salud Pascuales. Año 2018.

Abstract

Background: Adolescent pregnancy is a public health problem according to the WHO. In Ecuador, 3,645,167 women are mothers and of these 122,301 are adolescents. Materials and Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study included 70 female adolescents from 10 to 19 years old from the R clinic of the Pascuales health center, who met the inclusion criteria with the prior informed consent of participants and / or tutors. survey to collect the information according to the objectives and variables. Results: The predominant age is 11 years (14.3%), single women (80%), secondary education (55.7%), students (85.7%). 48.6% belong to medium families and 38.6% live with their parents. 55.7% have a history of mother with pregnancy in adolescence, 24.3% have had early sexual relations, 70.6% have not protected themselves. 51.4% have no knowledge about sexuality, 61.4% know the condom, 55.8% consider spontaneous abortion as the main consequence of pregnancy in adolescence. Conclusions: In the study, adolescents aged 11 years, single marital status, students and secondary schooling predominated. The majority belong to medium, nuclear, bi-generational families and live with parents; Among the risk factors are the antecedents of mother with pregnancy in adolescence and the early onset of sexual relations, being 15 years the most frequent age and most were not protected. Adolescents have little knowledge about sexuality, contraceptive methods and the consequences of teenage pregnancy. The components are identified and an educational strategy is designed.