Infección asociada a tipos de accesos vasculares en la unidad de hemodiálisis en el Hospital IESS Ceibos desde junio del 2017 a mayo del 2018.

Abstract

Introduction: One of the complications that occur most frequently in patients with chronic kidney disease, who receive hemodialysis, are the infections associated with the different type of vascular accesses. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of infections associated with the types of vascular access in hemodialysis in the IESS Ceibos Hospital from June 2017 to may 2018. Materials and methods: Descriptive and analytical study where 231 patients were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. We collected data from clinical records obtained from the AS400 system, tabulated in Microsoft Excel 2013, analyzed by chi-square test and risk analysis by means of OR odds test in the IBM SPSS 22 statistical program. Results: Of a total of 231 patients, 42.4% had infection associated with vascular access. Of 118 patients with CVCT, 87.8% had vascular access infection (p = 0.001), OR: 8.3, CI: [4.57-15.05], while of 105 patients with AVF, 4.1% presented infection (p = 0.001), OR: 0.013, IC: [0.005-0.04]. Conclusions: The infection associated with the vascular access type in hemodialysis of the IESS Ceibos Hospital has a high prevalence. We determined that the use of temporary CVC has a higher risk of infection against arteriovenous fistula. Therefore, the use of central venous catheter in hemodialysis should be avoided.