Prevalencia de trastornos hipertensivos en mujeres embarazadas atendidas en la sala de alto riesgo del área de materno infantil en un hospital de especialidades de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Systemic arterial hypertension (HBP) is one of the main causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality in our country and throughout the world due to the effects it produces, complicating 10% of pregnancies. Preeclampsia is a form of HTA induced by pregnancy, with etiopathogenesis related to the increased synthesis of antiangiogenic proteins, which can simply translate into mild HT and proteinuria, or reach very severe conditions with thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, hepatic dysfunction, pulmonary edema and convulsions (eclampsia). (1) The present work was carried out with the objective of: To determine the prevalence of hypertension in pregnancy in the high-risk ward of the maternal and child area in the Hospital of Specialties Teodoro Maldonado Carbo. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on 220 pregnant women in the area through the review of the income during the study months (October 2017 - February 2018). The technique used was indirect observation (data collection form). Results: The prevalence of hypertension in the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialty Hospital. Hypertension occurs more in cases of primigraves, the most common complication in these cases is preeclampsia-eclampsia and the sign and symptom most evident is edema. Discussion and Conclusions: This study shows 220 pregnant patients with different hypertensive diagnoses, presenting more frequently the preeclampsia and the chronic AHT, it has also been evidenced in this study that the academic or instruction level is closely related to the prevalence of women they encounter hypertensive diagnoses. The lack of education according to scientific studies is directly related to the absence of prenatal controls, becoming a health problem.