Prevalencia de pérdida ósea en pacientes con enfermedad periodontal de la clínica de periodoncia UCSG.

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontal disease is produced by the action of certain bacteria from the dental biofilm, which stimulates the immune reaction of the host and can cause a progressive destruction of the periodontium. Without adequate control and management, it could lead to tooth loss. Objective: To determine the prevalence of bone loss by serial periapical radiographs in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis of the clinic of periodontics of the UCSG. Materials and methods: the study carried out in 410 clinical histories of the UCSG odontological clinic. The series periapical radiographs evaluating bone loss, severity and orientation. Results: 69 clinical histories were analyzed, 36 men and 33 women. In periodontitis, was 96% chronic and 4% aggressive. The bone loss was 90% with horizontal and 10% vertical. The severity of bone loss was 62% mild, 26% moderate and 11% severe. The horizontal bone loss corresponded to 50.1% in men and 49.9% in women and in the vertical bone loss 67% in women and 33% in men. Horizontal bone loss reflects 17% at ages 30-39 years, 38% at 40-49 years, 26% at 50-59 and 19% at 60 years or more. In the vertical bone loss is 8% in ages 30-39 years, 43% of 40-49 years, 28% in 50-59 and 20% of 60 years over. Conclusions: Chronic periodontitis showed more prevalence together with horizontal bone loss. Horizontal bone loss affected males more, and vertical bone loss more affected females.