Factores asociados al síndrome de túnel carpiano en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 atendidos en el Hospital General del Norte Ceibos durante el periodo 2024 al 2025.

Abstract

Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common compressive neuropathy, and its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus has gained increasing clinical relevance. Identifying this condition in this population allows for a better understanding of its functional impact and progression. Objective: To determine the factors associated with carpal tunnel syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated at Hospital General del Norte Ceibos during the period 2024–2025. Methods: A non-experimental, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted through the review of medical records. A total of 2,345 patients with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus were included. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were analyzed. Descriptive statistics and the chi-square test were applied, considering statistical significance at p < 0.05. Results: The mean age was 56.8 ± 12.4 years, with a predominance of females (55.3%). Carpal tunnel syndrome was identified in 24.0% of patients. A higher frequency was observed in those with more than 10 years of diabetes duration (29.1%) compared to those with shorter duration (p = 0.001). Similarly, poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥9%) showed a stronger association (31.3%; p = 0.040). Among microvascular complications, peripheral neuropathy was the most frequent (42.7%) and showed the strongest relationship with the syndrome (34.6%; p = 0.001). Conclusion: Carpal tunnel syndrome is mainly associated with longer diabetes duration, inadequate glycemic control, and the presence of peripheral neuropathy, suggesting its inclusion within the spectrum of chronic complications of this disease.