Complicaciones posoperatorias en colecistectomía por colecistitis complicada en el Hospital General Monte Sinaí periodo 2022 – 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Complicated cholecystitis represents an advanced form of gallbladder inflammation associated with a higher risk of postoperative complications, prolonged hospital stay, and increased morbidity and mortality. Objective: To determine postoperative complications in cholecystectomy for complicated cholecystitis at Hospital General Monte Sinaí during the 2022–2024 period. Methodology: This was a quantitative study with a descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional, and correlational type and design, based on the review of medical records of patients who underwent cholecystectomy for complicated cholecystitis. Results: Female sex predominated (59.6%), as did the 30 to 49 years age group (48.6%). The most frequent antecedent was overweight or obesity (58.9%). The main clinical manifestation was right upper quadrant pain (100%), and the most frequent type of complicated cholecystitis was gallbladder empyema (61%). A surgical time greater than 120 minutes (72%), the laparoscopic approach (54%), and a hospital stay of 4 to 7 days (45.2%) predominated. The most frequent postoperative complications were pain at the wound site (89%), surgical site infection (44.5%), and biliary leak or bile duct injury or cholangitis (28.8%). Conclusions: Postoperative complications in cholecystectomy for complicated cholecystitis were frequent and were related to the surgical approach used, with a higher presence of infectious complications in open surgery and a higher frequency of biliary leak or bile duct injury or cholangitis in laparoscopic surgery.