Revisión sistemática de literatura : Aplicación del internet de las cosas en la trazabilidad de productos alimenticios.

Abstract

The present research aims to analyze the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) in food supply chain traceability. Within a global context marked by demand volatility and the requirement for transparency, IoT emerges as a disruptive technological solution. The methodology employed was a Systematic Literature Review under the PRISMA protocol, selecting and analyzing high-impact scientific evidence published between 2020 and 2024. The results reveal that the sensor and Big Data infrastructure enables real-time monitoring, which significantly improves operational resilience and mitigates risks. However, it was identified that technology alone is insufficient; the success of its implementation depends critically on managerial initiative, collaborative culture, and organizational change management to overcome internal resistance. It is concluded that IoT is not merely a technical tool but a strategic imperative for financial sustainability, recommending that companies adopt comprehensive management models that prioritize human capital and inter-organizational cooperation.