Prevalencia de presión intraocular elevada y sus factores asociados en caninos (Canis lupus familiaris) gerontes atendidos en tres clínicas veterinarias de Guayaquil y Samborondón.

Abstract

Elevated intraocular pressure in geriatric dogs represents a frequent diagnostic challenge in veterinary clinical practice due to its association with various ocular pathologies and systemic factors. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of elevated intraocular pressure and its relationship with associated factors in geriatric dogs attended at three veterinary clinics in Guayaquil and Samborondón. A total of 106 geriatric dogs of both sexes and different breeds were included, evaluated through an observational, descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional study design with a quantitative approach. In each patient, intraocular pressure was measured using rebound tonometry, along with the assessment of systemic blood pressure, the presence of ocular diseases and alterations, and the history of corticosteroid use. The findings revealed a clinically relevant prevalence of elevated intraocular pressure, associated with alterations in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the presence of cataracts, and optic nerve damage. These results highlight the importance of comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluation in geriatric dogs and reinforce the value of tonometry as a fundamental tool for early detection and timely clinical decision-making.