Incidencia de diabetes gestacional en pacientes asistidas en el Hospital IESS Ceibos de la ciudad de Guayaquil en el periodo del año 2024

Abstract

Gestational diabetes (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic complications of pregnancy and a significant public health problem. Objective: To determine the incidence of gestational diabetes in patients attending the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil (IESS Los Ceibos) during the period 2024. Methodology: Quantitative. Descriptive, prospective, and cross-sectional study. Technique: Indirect observation. Instrument: Observational matrix designed to extract data from medical records. Population: All pregnant women treated in the Gynecology- Obstetrics area were included, with a sample of 712 women. Results: The highest incidence was found in the 31-35 age group 48%, followed by the 36-40 age group 26%. In addition, 91% of the patients were active workers, suggesting the influence of occupational factors. Most diagnoses were made in the third trimester 39%, reflecting a delay in early screening. Isolated gestational diabetes accounted for 94.59% of cases, with a low incidence of obesity 2% and hypertension 4%. Conclusion: The high incidence observed highlights the need to implement timely screening programs, effective prenatal care, and nutritional education, especially in women over 30 years of age and working.