Adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica de la unidad de hemodiálisis ambulatoria del Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo.

Abstract

Therapeutic adherence is a complex parameter linked to various factors and even as a human behavior influenced by several subjective aspects. Objective: To determine treatment adherence in patients with chronic kidney disease in the outpatient hemodialysis unit of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialty Hospital. Methodology: It was a descriptive, quantitative with a prospective cross-sectional design. Population and sample. It consisted of 138 patients, with a sample of 100 patients. Technique: Survey. Instrument: Morisky-Green Treatment Adherence Scale and questionnaire of factors influencing adherence. Results: Sociodemographic characteristics showed that patients were male (52.0%) and aged 70 to 80 years; 30.0% received a basic salary; and 58.0% received hemodialysis treatment for 1 to 5 years (40.0%). Among the factors that influence adherence, socioeconomic factors such as financial availability without institutional treatment assistance were: 65.0% never; 45.0% never; 68.0% never; 80.0% never; and 81.0% never; among those related to therapy, interest in learning about one's health. Patients with low adherence rates reported low adherence rates. Conclusion: Given the low adherence (>5puntos) rate among patients, intervention methods should target behavioral regulation, knowledge, beliefs, and social support, which play an important role in promoting treatment adherence.