Tipos de sonrisas y su impacto psicosocial relacionado con los parámetros estéticos.

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between smile types and the psychosocial impact associated with dentofacial aesthetics among patients treated at the Dental Clinic of the Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil during cycle A - 2025. Materials and methods: This study was quantitative, cross-sectional, with an observational-descriptive and analytical design. Sample size: 170 patients. Age, sex, educational level, socioeconomic level and the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics were measured. A structured questionnaire was developed to record the sociodemographic characteristics of the patients, and the PIDAQ questionnaire was used to assess the psychosocial impact of patients. Results: Most patients between 20 and 29 years of age had a high percentage of average smiles (56.1%), as did the 60 years or older group (p = 0.549). No statistically significant differences were found between PIDAQ scores according to patients' educational levels (p-value > 0.05). When evaluating the PIDAQ according to socioeconomic level, statistically significant differences were found (p-value < 0.05) for all dimensions. In the comparison by type of clinical smile in the dental self-confidence dimension, a higher score was observed in patients with an average clinical smile (M 13.75) (p-value 0.220). Conclusion: The analysis established that the relationship between clinical smile and psychosocial impact is not significant in the study population, with similar scores remaining in all groups.