Incidencia de infección en sitio quirúrgico de cesárea en mujeres atendidas en el área de hospitalización del Hospital IESS Los Ceibos.

Abstract

The incidence of cesarean surgical site infection represents a challenge in obstetric care, since factors such as immunological status, hygienic and sanitary conditions, and adherence to asepsis protocols can influence its occurrence. Objective: To determine the incidence of cesarean surgical site infection in women treated in the inpatient area of the IESS Los Ceibos Hospital. Methodological Design: A quantitative, descriptive, prospective, and cross-sectional study. Population: 478 women who gave birth by cesarean section. Technique: Indirect observation. Instrument: Indirect observation matrix. Results: The cumulative incidence of cesarean surgical site infection was 3.134%, with an incidence rate of 0.0026 individual-months. It occurred most frequently in women aged 26 to 30 years (36%) and 31 to 35 years (25%), who had completed secondary school (42%) and higher education (27%); were in a commonlaw relationship (47%) and resided in urban areas (85%). Regarding occupation, they were active workers (36%) and homemakers (32%). The most common clinical manifestations were fever (29%), wound pain (23%), and purulent discharge (19%). Infection occurred in the immediate postpartum period in 39% of cases and in the immediate postpartum period in 35%. Conclusion: The incidence of cesarean surgical site infection in women hospitalized at the IESS Los Ceibos Hospital is influenced by sociodemographic and clinical factors, highlighting the importance of strengthening preventive measures to reduce complications.