Autocuidado del cáncer en pacientes que asisten al servicio de cuidados paliativos en el Hospital Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo.

Abstract

Self-care encompasses hygiene, nutrition, lifestyle, and environmental factors. A study on cancer self-care. Objective: To describe cancer self-care. Design: Quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional. Technique: Survey. Instrument: questionnaire. Results: characteristics: age: 58.1% 30-40 years; 17.2% 41-51 years; 18.3% 52-62 years. Sex: men 44.6%; women 55.4%. Diagnosis: 30.1% unknown; 16.1% colon cancer; 11.8% stomach cancer; 10.8% breast cancer. Weight kg: 31.2% 52-62; 24.7% 41-51; 24.7% +62; 19.4% 30-40. Disease duration: 42.5% 3 years; 21.5% more than 5 years; 19.4% 5 years; 14% 4 years. Treatment type: 38.7% chemotherapy; 28% alternative; 24.7% analgesics; 8.6% antacids. Physical self-care: 29% vegetables; 25.8% fruits; 18.3% proteins; 15.1% proteins. Physical activity: 45.2% unassisted walking; 31.2% assisted walking; 23.7% passive exercise. Personal hygiene: 82.8% daily bathing; 8.6% continuous handwashing. Rest and sleep: 63.4% single room; 29% shared room; 7.5% other environment. Rest hours: 37.6% 3-5 hours; 31.2% 1-3 hours; 31.2% more hours. Sleep hours: 33.3% 6-8 hours; 32.3% 2-4 hours; 23.7% 4-6 hours; 10.8% more than 8 hours. Manifestation of emotions and feelings: 32.3% conversation; 25.8% worries; 22.6% anxiety; 19.4% fear. Cognitive self-care: manifestation of thoughts: 25.8% write; 21.5% remember in their memory; 18.3% recognize what they think; 14% read; 11.8% show attention; 8.6% demonstrate perception of the disease. Spiritual and social self-care: patient contact: 52.7% mobile devices; 47.3% daily coexistence. Manifestation of spirituality: 51.6% through religion; 31.2% through values; 17.2% through cultural beliefs. Conclusion: An adequate level of self-care has been verified.