Análisis de los requisitos para el ingreso a la Escuela Superior Militar Eloy Alfaro, en relación con el principio constitucional de igualdad y no discriminación.

Abstract

This research examines the admission requirements to the Eloy Alfaro Military School in Ecuador from the perspective of the right to equality and non-discrimination. Through a normative analysis and selection practices, it identifies potential inconsistencies, as well as areas for improvement in relation to the constitutional principles and international standards of this right. The situation in Ecuador is compared with that of other military schools in the Americas, as well as with constitutional cases, where policies based on inclusiveness and equity for military recruitment that guarantee equal opportunities while respecting diversity were evaluated. It presents, in general terms, requirements for entry into the military ranks that could be at odds with the principle of equality and non-discrimination (such as height, marital status, age, and nationality). When compared with other military institutions in Mexico and Colombia, similarities are evident in the requirements, with the exception that Colombia accepts naturalized Colombians, and Canada accepts permanent residents; the latter presents more inclusive and egalitarian requirements. Constitutional cases identified gender discrimination, impacting the employment and educational opportunities of ESMIL applicants.