Evaluación de las técnicas de modulación PSK y QAM en sistemas OFDM basados en redes móviles 5G.

Abstract

The evolution of mobile networks has driven the development of new modulation techniques to enhance spectral efficiency and transmission quality. In this context, Phase Shift Keying (PSK) and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) have been widely adopted in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems used in 5G networks. This research evaluates the performance of PSK and QAM in an OFDM system under Rician and Rayleigh fading channels, using MATLAB simulations. Key performance metrics such as Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) and Bit Error Rate (BER) are analyzed to determine the most efficient modulation scheme in terms of robustness and spectral efficiency. The results indicate that QAM provides higher spectral efficiency in high Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) conditions, while PSK offers greater robustness in severe fading environments. This study provides valuable insights for optimizing communication systems in 5G networks, enabling improved service quality and efficient spectral resource allocation.