Influencia de materiales de prótesis dentales en la estomatitis subprotésica.

Abstract

Introduction: Subprosthetic stomatitis is an inflammation of the oral mucosa that occurs beneath dental prostheses, particularly removable ones. Due to their constant contact with the mucosa, these prostheses can accumulate microorganisms if proper hygiene is not maintained. Objective: To determine the influence of prosthetic materials on subprosthetic stomatitis. Materials and Method: The study was observational, quantitative, and descriptive, involving a sample of 30 patients with removable partial dentures delivered at the Vitaldent clinic during the A-2024 period. The patients were divided into two groups of 15, based on the material of the prostheses (acrylic or metal). A brief clinical examination was conducted, collecting data from medical records and evaluating the gingiva according to the modified Newton classification. The physical and functional state of the prostheses was assessed using an explorer to evaluate roughness and porosity. Prosthetic adaptation was verified with articulating paper, and the oral hygiene index was determined using a plaque disclosing agent. Additionally, a survey was carried out to assess the patients' prosthetic hygiene habits. Results: Patients with acrylic prostheses showed a higher prevalence of moderate and severe stomatitis, whereas those with metal prostheses predominantly exhibited mild or no lesions. A significant relationship was found between the oral hygiene index and the severity of stomatitis in patients with acrylic prostheses. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of considering prosthetic materials in the prevention and management of subprosthetic stomatitis.